
Computerized system validation: OQ audit trail tests for life sciences
Computerized system validation is the documented, risk-based evidence that a regulated computer system works as intended and keeps its data trustworthy. This guide covers the expectations in FDA's CSA guidance, Part 11, EMA and ICH E6(R3), a seven-step lifecycle, concrete OQ audit trail test cases, vendor and periodic review controls, and Atlas data on how often FDA cites computerized systems and data integrity.











